What is the purpose of the hard shoulder?

The purpose of the hard shoulder is primarily for emergency use and to provide a safe area for vehicles experiencing breakdowns. It is also a designated space where pedestrians and cyclists can safely exit the road if necessary. The hard shoulder acts as a buffer between moving traffic and any disabled vehicle, ensuring that drivers have a spot to pull over away from the lane of travel in case of mechanical issues or emergencies. This is crucial for maintaining safety on the roads, as it helps to prevent accidents that could occur if vehicles were to stop unexpectedly on the main lanes.

Other options are less accurate in defining the hard shoulder's function. Regular lane changes are not permitted on the hard shoulder, as it is intended for specific emergency situations. Parking during the night is not an appropriate use of the hard shoulder, as it can obstruct emergency services or contribute to dangerous situations. Similarly, the hard shoulder is not exclusively designated for bus stops; buses should stop at designated bus stops or bus lanes when available.